The utilization of bio-extracts in nanoparticle synthesis has emerged as a global trend. Their exceptional properties compared to bulk materials, coupled with low cytotoxicity, have established them as crucial elements in nanotechnology. This study focused on the sunlight-mediated decomposition of Congo Red dye utilising Ag nanoparticles synthesized through phytochemicals of Launaea taraxacifolia leaf extract. The sol-gel method was employed for this purpose, with the plant extract playing a pivotal role in nanoparticle fabrication. Characterization techniques such as Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy that showed absorbance and wavelength of 437 nm, X-ray diffraction analysis which reveals the particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles to be 22.6 nm. And Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy analysis which specifically revealing multiple peaks ranging from 632 to 3317 cm⁻¹. The prominent band at 1637.8 cm⁻¹ indicated C–N and C–C stretching, while the band at 3317.0 cm⁻¹ corresponded to stretching vibrations of O–H groups in water, alcohol, and phenols. These bio-reduced silver nanoparticles were utilized for degrading Congo red dye, known for its detrimental impact on water-dwelling creatures and the human race. Notably, absolute disintegration of the dye was achieved within 120 hours of incubation under sunlight, showcasing the nanoparticles' efficacy in water purification through photocatalytic degradation processes.